Magnetorheological fluids are generally employed as materials for hardening body armors and suits. I’m going to teach you a tiny fun, hassle-free experiment with magnetorheological fluids.

Following the test you will find out how MR fluids respond within the presence of a magnetic field. You may well do this exercise in the comfort of your home.

Stuff needed: Low-cost magnets, iron mineral (or iron fillings), plastic bag, plastic mug, nonferrous stirrer (plastic tea spoon or popsicle).

Exploration of Iron Ore

The first thing that you’ll want to do is acquire ore out of your sandbox or play area sand. Get a plastic bag and insert some cheap magnets inside it. Pull the plastic bag with the magnet across the sand. The magnets inside the bag are going to attract the iron ores within the sand, quickly mining them out.

You still need to refine the found iron ores as slight bits of sand might have been stuck with them. Here’s how to do it:

Acquire a paper plate and spread out the ores on the plate. Hold the plastic bag with the low cost magnets above the paper plate. Purer iron ores are going to then jump away out of the plate and stick to the bag. Don’t get the plastic bag too near as this will cause the sand grains to leap away with the ores again Reiterate the course of action until you are satisfied that there are no more sand grains involved in the ores.

Starting out with the experiment

Place the ore in a plastic cup. Choose a little one so that the ore can fill up 75% of it. Find some vegetable oil and include it to the ore in the mug. Employ a nonferrous object (plastic tea spoon or Popsicle stick) to stir the goo. Continue to include oil until the solution converts into a thin, dark ore paste. Obtain a strong magnet and place it on the side of the plastic cup. The magnet is going to automatically adhere to the side of the plastic mug while the iron ores inside are dragged to it. At this time, you ought to be able to see the ores stiffen. Serve the excess oil by tipping the plastic mug over another container. What remains in the plastic glass is your magnetorheological fluid.

The fun element of the experiment

Now, here is the interesting piece of the test. With this you are going to be able to see how MR fluids work with body armors and suits. Remove the magnet and keep the mug straight. Mix the goo in the mug with your table spoon. The ores are going to be a little bit stiff at first, nevertheless they will eventually become softer and easy to mix. tilt the cup a little to the side and bury the tea spoon in the goop. Then insert the magnet once more on the side of the glass to stiffen the ore solution. The table spoon is going to now stand sticking upright. Take the magnet away again and the rigid goop is going to slump back into the plastic cup leading to the table spoon to drop over. You may as well place the goop in a plastic bag and then allow the strong magnet stick to its side. You may shape the paste like clay and create different shapes with it. While you eliminate the magnet, the hardened goop will decline back and develop puddles.

For additional information on magnetorheological dampers and relevant equipment, go to Magnetorheological Damper Laboratory. When choosing your damper technologies, choose magnetorheological!

The fundamentals behind rigging lie in physics. The key parts deal essentially with gravity.

Well, what is gravity, physically speaking? It’s the force that keeps material things on the ground and keeps us from floating into space.

The physics of rigging starts with finding the center of gravity of some thing; everything physical thing has one. The center of gravity is the point at which the complete weight of an object pushes downward on it, keeping it balanced.

This is necessary to pay attention to when lifting anything. For instance, when a load is lifted at its center of gravity, it will rise in a evenly balanced fashion; if the lifting point is to the left or the right of the center of balance, it will topple one way or the other, and that could cause the load to fall. This could produce disastrous results.

The load must be stable in order to move it properly, and similarly, the correct quantity of force is required in order to move the load into position. Work is the equation of force multiplied by distance, so the farther a load must be transported, the more force that is needed in order to move it. There are a few things that must definitely be taken into consideration in order to lift an object; gravity, friction, wind resistance, and so on.

The physics of rigging require that the lifting mechanism(s) used to move objects around be able to sustain the weight of the object. So, the strength and durability of the bolts used to hold objects in place must be of a certain minimum level.

Basic physics dictate how strong the equipment needs to be to hold the objects in place at the center of gravity. This is why heavy transport relies heavily on the knowledge of mechanics and leverage in order to perform lifting jobs of varied sizes.

Barnhart Crane & Rigging Company thoroughly understands the physics of rigging and the rest of the heavy industry. If you found this interesting, you might look into our crane service
or machinery moving service.

There are a lot damper strategies for dampening undesirable vibration. A magnetorheological actuator and a tuned mass damper, for instance. Here we go over the advantages and downsides of these two differing dampers.

Tuned Mass Damper Pros and Cons

The concept of a tuned mass damper (TMD) is to in some way smartly act in response to vibration. A classification I follow is that a TMD brings about a counteracting force by shifting a weight at counter cycle with the root vibration.

A benefit of a TMD is evidently its means to generate a major difference by imposing a force to the shaking structure as a result of a moving weight. This is also one of its major problems. Should you put on the force continuously at inaccurate instant, the shake process may become instable if the movement of the tuned mass damper occurs in the resonance wavelength. And functioning at the resonance pitch is fairly typical, for the reason that resonance pitch is often the one being put to sleep.

Ok, it is true that with a semi-active damper there’s also the danger of screwing up with something at the resonance frequency by managing the attenuator improperly, but certainly no additional force with a mobile mass is used and subsequently the potential harm is not as harmful.

A further problem is the higher quantity of moving components. A tuned mass damper is likewise the one that calls for the most hand-operated setup labor.

Semi-Active Actuator Benefits and Drawbacks

The functioning principle of a semi-active attenuator is founded on the substance features. When it comes to magnetorheological damper, the attenuating substance varies its viscosity. The material is a ferrofluid: oil filled with metallic dust. The theory is that if you put on a magnetic field to the content, the metal particles are arranged according to the field lines and make the fluid stiff. This produces in practice a damper that could be turned on and off in only milliseconds.

A downside of the damper is plainly its quite reduced volume of usage. This is predominantly because of the fact that it’s pretty fresh solution available in the market and not very broadly tested yet. Nevertheless, this is frequently changing because technological study material gathers up.

In my view the semi-active damper brings together the best components of the previous actuator categories:

Small measurements

A small amount of moving elements

Responds real-time to a number of vibration wavelengths

In addition, as a direct consequence of its little size the magnetorheological actuator might be fixed next to an existing passive damper which is currently attenuating some frequencies. The magnetorheological actuator may then concentrate on the vibration that can vary with time.

Do you need to understand how exactly the magnetorheological attenuator outruns the tuned mass damper? Look into Magnetorheological Damper Laboratory! If you do not really need a tuned mass damper, I recommend a semi-active one.

Bicycle computers like polar bike computers are some of the most common things cyclists carry around in their bike handlebars when biking. These devices are used mainly to keep track of the bikers’ progress and provide important information necessary to evaluate his/her performance. Knowing how these devices work and how they are operated will help in achieving accurate data which includes altitude, temperature, speed, distance and average speed, all of which are essential to cyclists.

A bicycle computer is generally a device mounted on a bicycle that calculates and displays trip information. The purpose of this device is to indicate the speed at which the bike is travelling, as well as the total distance the bike has travelled. Nonetheless, with advancements in today’s technology, a number of bike computer models also now include programs that provide other pieces of information such as altitude and temperature, as well as the biker’s cadence and heart rate.

Polar bike computers are among the most trusted bicycle brand in the market. This brand manufactures cyclometers which are used to record revolutions of the wheel of the bicycle and were invented by Curtis Hussey Veeder in 1895. From the simple mechanical device originally made by Veeder, cyclometers now also offer other information including the biker’s current, average, and maximum speed. Other than speed bicycle computers also record a bikers’ cadence which refers to the number of pedal revolutions one makes per minute.

Calculations of a bikers speed can be done through a bike computer by knowing and inputting sizes of the bike’s tire. This information is essential in calculating the tires circumference which in turn helps in computing the distance the biker travels each time the tires make a full revolution. The bikers speed will then be computed by identifying how much time passes between sensors trips.

Different aspects of a bicycle computer such as polar bike computers need to be carefully inlayed and studied before choosing one. Among the things to be considered is the cyclometers weight which without careful selection might affect the bikers’ performance. Keep in mind that an extra weight on the bicycle will not only affect the bikers pedaling but also the speed to which he/she will be traveling. Do not also forget to consider the health features of the computer. Some bike computers offer heart rate monitors which can be very helpful to people with heart conditions but still want to continue biking. Moreover, cyclometers need to be easy to use and easy to install. There are many different types that people can choose from either from the wired and wireless types. Lastly, make sure of the machines reliability and accuracy. These two qualities are more important than the physical aspects as details derived will bot be useful to anybody unless they are correct.

No matter if one is professional or amateur in biking; this is definitely one activity that many can’t seem to get enough of. It is not only a hobby but is also a form of exercise which can help improve our health. Thus, monitoring ones performance with regards to this type of sports, through the use of computers such as polar bike computers can be very beneficial.

Henry Potter is a professional cycler from Germany. For every competition he participates in, his polar bike computer (“polar fahrrad computer” in German) is always present on his bike’s handlebars to help him track his speed and distance travelled.

It seems that, as time passes, more people are becoming more interested in science, often due to the number of movies that are based around it, along with numerous television shows. One are in particular that people often want to know more about would be in regards to the speed of light. While most understand the general concept, there is generally more to it than people might be aware of.

Many people are aware of the fact that the light’s rate of movement is a vacuum, and that it is considered to play a crucial role throughout much of physics, especially since it is a physical constant. A lot of people are even aware that the actual rate that it travels at runs approximately 186,282 miles per second, which is about 299,792,458 meters per second.

In many cases, some find it helpful to understand the basics of C, which refers to constant, in order to stand the way light travels or at what rate. C is often seen throughout much of physics-related theories and equations, but most recognize it from the E=mc2 equation, which represents mass-energy equivalence. The point of C interrelates with that of space and time within the theory of relativity.

C, or constant, when in relation to special relativity denotes light. This represents the maximum speed that anything relating to information, matter and energy will travel at within the known universe. This is the overall rate that particles travel at when they do not contain any mass, which includes electromagnetic radiation, or light, and any associated fields.

The rate at which mass-less particles and associated fields travel at is generally something that is predicted by the rate that gravity. Where the rate of gravity is concerned, this is more in relation to gravity waves, which also move at the rate of C, no matter where the observer is referenced at or when in regards to the source of motion.

Whenever light travels through transparent substances or materials, such as air, glass and similar, it tends to slow down considerably, becoming less than C. However, to what extent the rate will slow can depend on the type of material it is being filtered through. This becomes an issue when the material causes the energy to refract, slowing it down somewhat and lowering its rate.

This energy is thought to move at a rate that’s instantaneous. However, certain ramifications, such as distance and measurements, may affect the actual rate, rather than it necessarily arriving instantly. One example of this would be how people can see a star in the sky, with its electromagnetic radiation glimmering in the distance. It is believed that what would currently be observed from Earth, however, isn’t current due to the amount of distance that the energy has to travel through and other factors. This means that whatever energy is being seen may be something that was generated ages ago, and what is seen by the observer is only becoming visible in that individual’s present time, years later.

The mechanics, theories and facts that revolve around the speed of light are nearly limitless. However, it’s something that still fascinated and boggles the minds of many individuals, including those who hold science and physics in general close to heart.

speed of light mph or speed of light

The maximum speed in the universe is the speed of light. Therefore, it is inconceivable that one can travel at the speed of light let alone well above it. A fascinating development directly connected to Special Relativity is that the weight or more appropriately, the mass of something increases as a function of its velocity. According to the accepted equations, as its speed approaches the velocity of light its mass goes infinite. It should be understood by the reader that a velocity and a speed are not identical in meaning since a velocity also has a direction. However, for this writing it will be assumed to have the same meaning. Light speed has the following useful statistics that are gathered here in an easy to read table:

1,080 million km per hour : Light Velocity Kilometers per hour 671 million miles per hour mph : Velocity of Light in MPH 299,792,458 m/s : Velocity of Light in Meters per Second 300,000 km per second : Light Speed in Kilometers per second 186,000 miles per second : Speed of Light in Miles per Second

We have already seen that traveling at light speed is impossible. Everything in the known universe is supposedly bound to this fundamental principle of motion. Analysis of a great deal of observations have conclusively shown this value, or has it? In any case, a beam of light traveling in the vacuum of space transits at a constant value. The particular choice for velocity of light in a vacuum is given the appellation ‘c’ for a word signifying ‘fast.’

In 1905, Albert Einstein published his famous work that revolutionized physics; within this radical treatise he proposed some of the most important principles enunciated by any scientist in centuries; therein he required that light speed ‘c’ was independent of a light source’s motion and also independent of the frame of reference of an observer of that light source. His motivation for proposing this many faceted theory was a direct result of the failure of the theory of the ‘lumineferous aether’ or ether to produce a convincing showing in experiments designed to prove the existence of the aforementioned ether. In fact, the data appeared to show that the aether or ether did not even exist!

Musing over the disturbing observations of the late nineteenth century caused the great scientist to respond with amazing theoretical postulates yielding even more amazing consequences. Like a sequence of dominoes that worked together, and I might add will fall down one by one if one shows itself false, the Theory of Special Relativity was born in 1905 with mass energy equivalence (E=mc2), and the amazing pre-effects of the reduction of time and the expansion of length when moving at a speed close to light that also must be the aforementioned constant ‘c.’ It is this same value that we are discussing that is spread about many regions of physical theories that have nothing to do with Relativity nor light itself. Because of this, any demonstration that light speed is not constant would cause a once in a lifetime earthquake that will shift the understanding of the physical world.

speed of light travel or speed of light in mph

Science is an exciting, broad field that connects individuals across the world. Teaching and understanding science can be stimulating for both the teachers and the students with the right learning tools and equipment. AYVA Educational Solutions offers various educational resources for learning institutes in Canada to help individuals develop a strong science background. We offer educators resources and training support to help them prosper and to help students gain knowledge.

Educational technology is continuously growing and affects the way a concept is understood. It facilitates learning and improves performance by creating suitable technological processes and resources for the classroom. As the level of difficulty with learning a subject decreases, the level of interest usually increases. Overall, it benefits the teachers, students and the school. Educational Technology includes software, hardware, as well as internet applications and activities that can all be used within the classroom.

AYVA Educational Solutions offers such tools, which includes data loggers, to provide the best learning environment for both the teacher and the student. A data logger is an electronic device that records data, with the use of sensors, over a certain time period. They are essential for obtaining the most accurate results in science laboratories. A data logger has the ability to automatically collect data on a 24-hour basis, making it easy to complete studies in a small time frame. AYVA Educational Solutions provides both handheld mobile devices as well as data loggers that connect directly to the computer. This allows students to collect real time data and see it displayed instantly.

Both the student and the teacher can have an encouraging experience with learning science when using AYVA’s educational technology resources. Science equipment, such as the Xplorer GLX Graphing Datalogger , provides an innovative, cost-effective strategy for inquiry-based collaborative learning. Technology in the classroom has many benefits for the teacher, students and the school. Different technology offered by AYVA makes the learning process easier for students of all ages. It allows students working in a science lab to experience what it feels like to be a real scientist and opens the doorway for future possibilities.

Educational technology and science equipment, such as dataloggers, provides an engaging environment for teachers and students to work in. AYVA provides an atmosphere for students of all ages to understand what it feels like to be a scientist and perform real experiments. We make studying scientific concepts more engaging for differentiated learners who will benefit from the hands-on authentic learning environment. Through the innovative teaching solutions AYVA offers, everyone involved gains an excellent learning experience.

Visit AYVA Educational Solutions and learn more about Xplorer GLX Graphing Datalogger , from Science Girl.

Flight safety, we discuss it, accept it and in many ways hope we choose it in our day-to-day functioning in the aviation world. For the Super Cub fanatic, Dakota Cub’s Extended Slotted Wing gives you the possibility to improve your safety envelope as well as boosting the climb performance of your airplane.

Would you dare consider flying your Cub at a high angle of attack whilst the airspeed indicator shows 20, then roll it into a 60-degree bank and attempt to climb out at less than full power? That is the signature exhibition that sells the Dakota Cub Extended Slotted Wing. The second most talked about quality of this wing is the ability to have full flight control authority at high angles of attack. No more soft controls, plopping it down, or wing drop on stall.

Mark Erickson, the founder of Dakota Cub, began his quest in the 1990′s. He wanted a Cub rib. None were available from Piper at a reasonable cost, not to mention the Piper ribs are fairly fragile, so he made his own. He applied present-day technology to an old Piper wing developed for the YL-14 liaison version of the J5C Cub. The YL-14 wing was slotted. According to Erickson, there were only 14 of these aircraft built before the end of WWII. They were designed to take-off in 100 feet and climb at a high angle of attack. Today, there are two still flying – one in Spain; the other in Nebraska.

The Dakota Cub Extended Slotted Wing has many differences in comparison to the original Cub wing and the L-14 wing for that matter. Erickson revised the original Piper US35B airfoil used for the L-14. He created a custom “T” shaped extrusion with the same dimensions that when used in constructing a truss-style rib, is lighter in weight, simpler to work with, and stronger than the original wing. Erickson obtained a STC for the new wing in 1993.

Erickson’s new rib only adds seven lbs to the weight of each original Piper wing. The new wing has been structurally tested to in excess of 2,200 lbs, however, the STC limits the gross weight to 1,750 lbs for the original wing or 2,000 lbs for those wings equipped with the Wipaire One Ton Cub STC. This artificial reduction will hopefully be changed in the future. In the intervening years, Erickson has developed ribs and many other components that are FAA PMA-ed for all rag-wing Pipers. In 1998, Erickson obtained the STC for the full-length leading edge slot, which keeps the boundary layer airflow attached at a much slower speed. Not stopping there, Erickson designed a squared off wing and eliminated the tip bow giving the wing 6% additional wing area, enlarged the flaps which results in 44% more flap surface area, and moved the ailerons 23-inches to the end of the wing. He calls it the “Extended Wing.” The squared wing adds about eight pounds to the original Piper wing.

Adding a slot to the Extended Wing adds another 9 lbs per wing, but the increased safety envelope from which to fly is well worth the trade-off. The flight characteristics of the squared-off and slotted wing, which Erickson calls the “Extended Slotted Wing”, is the primary benefit and emphasis with regard to choice of wings to include in your Cub project. The Extended Slotted Wing is the highest performance wing available from Dakota Cub. It has a 135-inch slot, a squared-off wing with 102-inch ailerons, and a 90.25-inch flap. In addition to the extended slotted wing, Dakota Cub also offers the standard Cub wing and a squared-off wing without the slot.

The Extended Slotted Wing is simply a safer wing. It enables a higher critical angle of attack, slower stall speed, and practically eliminates the abrupt loss of lift versus a straight wing. It delays the separation of the air flow from the wing surface, therefore aileron authority is preserved and in many cases the only indication of a stall will be a higher-than-normal rate of decent. This allows the pilot to control the sink rate on a landing approach with power alone, which in turn allows a far more accurate touchdown without worrying about the wing stalling. And since the ailerons have been extended to the end of the wings, the wings have a drastically improved roll rate.

If you want to take full advantage of the Extended Slotted Wing on your Super Cub, then it is recommended to install a 3-inch gear extension. This option allows the slow speed capabilities of the wing to take full effect upon landing. Installing bigger tires will allow for this effect even more. Short gear coupled with small tires will result in tail wheel first landings and a take-off run that is longer than optimal because it’s more difficult to achieve that higher angle of attack.

The culmination of all this is a Cub that lands slower, provides optimal power/sink control on landing, has better climb performance and a much larger margin of safety.

A wide-body fuselage from Airframes, Inc features an extended fuselage, and when combined with the larger control surfaces and the slot, a pilot can fly at a 45-degree nose-up attitude, land at 25 knots, and still have a wing that hangs in the air.

Whether building a Piper Super Cub or an experimental aircraft such as the Super Breezy, the Dakota Cub slotted wing would be a great asset to your aircraft for both performance and safety reasons.

It is an undeniable fact that everyone from us want to know about his or her horoscope from time to time, however, there are many people who have a deeper interest in astrology and want to acquire the reasonable information in order to save their precious future. If you would like to know about your future and want to enhance your knowledge concerning your future then it would be better for you to have a look on your birth chart. In addition, your birth chart actually helps you and guides you better to understand about your future.

It has usually been a tiresome and tedious issue for majority of men and women over the years to pick the proper astrologer.

It is to a particular extent a matter of enormous and immense consideration to choose the correct astrologer because with out sound knowledge and reasonable facts in regards to the astrology you’ll not be able to select the appropriate astrologer. If you happen to be willing to verify your future and suppose you had more than ten astrologers for examining your chart, there’s a possibility of most part, they would definitely interpret the chart exactly the same way.

It is incredibly important to know what definitely creates them numerous exactly where they communicate what they’re seeing. When you are going to pick the astrologer, you hold in your mind that you simply must check his voice, way of talking and communicating and it must resonate with you though you are selecting the astrologer. Moreover, you’ll want to factor about what sort of style would suite to you. You just have to understand what kind of astrologer you really need whether he use very technical terms even though speaking or he is able to translate into incredibly uncomplicated and simple descriptions.

Do you incredibly need an astrologer who takes a quite cerebral and serious approach, or 1 who sees astrology from a a lot more creative and musical perspective. Think about what type of variety would most appeal to you. Do you want an astrologer who speaks in really technical astrological terms or one that is able to translate elements into very basic, simple descriptions and doesn’t bombard you with jargon? Do you prefer an astrologer who takes a quite serious and cerebral approach, or one who actually sees astrology from a more creative and musical perspective. A few astrologers genuinely combine the chart interpretation with counseling. You will be encouraged to bring up an ongoing issue, that is in reality prevailing inside your life in those specific days. Therefore, the astrologer may perhaps discuss or pinpoints these particular items as soon as he explains you within the chart and helps you inside context that you can transform these situations or circumstances, that are actually associated inside your life. In case you are dealing using a difficulty to your long period and you try to obtain a fresh look then it might be beneficial for you. There are many astrologers they do no counseling whatsoever and have a preference only describe your astrological characteristics. It is going to be great for you whilst you’re making self-examinations and try to get detailed understanding about yourself.

For more resources on fixing registry errors, Top Registry Cleaners as well as Registry Software, Try Registry Cleaner Reviews.

Physics games change the dynamics of virtual and classic mind challenges. Typical challenges are basic mind teasers that motivate players to use portions of their minds that they usually do not use in order to develop solutions to problems. After completing mind teasers, the mind is often more agile and ready to receive information. Everyone can strengthen their minds through the use of these activities too.

Centuries ago, mental challenges were played by the most profound intellectuals alive. The reason behind these profound challenges were to display an athlete’s athleticism through the use of a series of obstacles. The reward was great for the challenges that were the most difficult. These challenges play a huge role in developing the manner in which professional athletes today use there intellect to accomplish a specific goal.

The basic definition of physics games are activities that challenge you mentally through logic and reason. These mind teasers are not just virtual challenges, but they are a series of games that stimulate the mind through basic arithmetic. Bowling is a great example of a mind teaser, because it is a classic sport that requires the right amount of energy to be forced onto pins at the end of a lane to win.

The most common type of mind obstacles are brain teasers, such as sudoku or tetris. These interactive challenges require some form of planning to anticipate your opponents next move. The purpose of these challenges is to out wit your opponent so that you dominate the game. The four basic steps that will help you conquer any mind teaser challenge will be discussed below.

First, assess the game. Secondly, analyze the question, task, or problem the game is presenting to you. Third, think outside the box. Come up with abnormal solutions or impractical solutions to help stimulate your brain. Lastly, if you are stumped, take a break and revisit the obstacle with a fresh pair of eyes at a later time.

Sports that require thought, stimulate brain activity and can alleviate stress in your professional life. Gaming technologies released today are mostly geared toward youth, but their are still classic mind teasers that strengthen the muscles in the brain such as chess and bridge adults can enjoy.

Many people who play these sort of sports tend to have a higher IQ and tend to utilize more brain activity than those who do not complete mind teasers. In this way, you can treat your brain like a muscle and improve its performance by improving its strength through the use of specially designed activities.

Men are most likely to indulge in these mind stimulating challenges, but women tend to be more successful while playing brain teasers due to their innate analytical nature. Whether you are interested in physics games as a potential learning tool, or you are interested in these games for any other reason, you can start using these games immediately to improve your ability to problem solve and you can use them to obtain a fresh perspective of the world around you.

If you enjoyed our article about physics games then why not play some physics games online right now?